The collapse of communism in Europe and the former Soviet Union has produced one of the most daunting tasks of the twentieth century: the construction of market economies out of the wreckage of central planning. While there is a lively debate among economists on this transformation, little has reached a non-specialist audience. In Making Markets, Shafiqul Islam and Michael Mandelbaum call on four eminent economists to summarize the state of current thinking. Richard Portes, Centre for Economic Policy Research in London, surveys the process of transition, examining its primary features and the problems that will be faced in light of Western economic theory and international economic practice. Paul Marer, Indiana University, gives a detailed account of the transition already underway in Central Europe. Robert Campbell, Indiana University, discusses the special problems confronting the Soviet Union’s successor states, particularly Russia. Jeffrey Sachs, Harvard University and adviser to the Russian and Polish governments, considers the role of the West, citing episodes in economic history in which external support made success possible. Read Less